冬季低溫環(huán)境下容易影響膩子中有機添加劑的溶解，從而影響膩子批刮后的成膜質量，所以冬季低溫環(huán)境施工存在較大的質量問題，那么在冬季低溫進行膩子粉的施工應該注意哪些要求呢？

In low temperature environments in winter, it is easy to affect the dissolution of organic additives in putty, thereby affecting the film formation quality of putty after scraping. Therefore, there are significant quality problems in construction in low temperature environments in winter. So, what requirements should be paid attention to when applying putty powder at low temperatures in winter?

施工溫度要在5℃以上

The construction temperature should be above 5 ℃

施工溫度一直都是非常重要的因素，膩子的施工溫度要在5℃以上。膩子粉中有很多添加劑，它們需要在一定的溫度下才能溶解，若是溫度過低，這些添加劑的溶解速度就會非常慢，無法充分溶解，這就會直接影響到后期的膩子成膜速度和質量，導致施工性能和膩子結構力降低。

The construction temperature has always been a very important factor, and the construction temperature of putty should be above 5 ℃. There are many additives in putty powder that need to be dissolved at a certain temperature. If the temperature is too low, the dissolution rate of these additives will be very slow and cannot be fully dissolved, which will directly affect the later film formation speed and quality of putty, leading to a decrease in construction performance and putty structural strength.

低溫會影響膩子成膜效果，另外在夜間由于霜凍可能造成膩子結構破壞，導致起粉、打磨脫層現象。施工時應隨時關注天氣預報（溫度、濕度變化），若出現低溫（低于5℃）、高濕（85%）和雨雪天時，應停止施工。若白天溫度高而早晚溫度低時，應選擇在高溫時段施工，各地可以根據當地實際情況，如早上9點以后施工，下午3點停工，當氣溫連續(xù)低于5℃時不允許施工。

Low temperature can affect the film-forming effect of putty, and at night, frost may cause damage to the putty structure, leading to powdering, polishing, and delamination. During construction, attention should be paid to weather forecasts (temperature and humidity changes) at all times. If there are low temperatures (below 5 ℃), high humidity (85%), and rainy or snowy days, construction should be stopped. If the temperature is high during the day and low in the morning and evening, construction should be carried out during high temperature periods. Local conditions can be adjusted accordingly, such as starting construction after 9am and stopping work at 3pm. Construction is not allowed when the temperature is continuously below 5 ℃.

施工環(huán)境過熱、過干也不行：膩子施工適宜在5℃-35℃的環(huán)境下進行。

The construction environment is too hot or too dry, which is not suitable: putty construction should be carried out in an environment between 5 ℃ and 35 ℃.

刮膩子施工前需進行測量

Measurement is required before applying putty

刮膩子施工前，需要先用尺子來進行測量，看看墻面是否平整，以便于確定刮膩子的方式。刮膩子一般施工三遍即可，不僅讓墻面更加平整，而且能將底色覆蓋掉。

Before applying putty, it is necessary to measure with a ruler to see if the wall is flat, in order to determine the method of applying putty. Generally, applying putty three times is sufficient, which not only makes the wall smoother but also covers the base color.

如果墻面不平整的地方，則涂刮多遍膩子來進行找平處理，但每道膩子施工間隔應在兩三小時，確保墻面充分干燥。

If the wall is uneven, apply multiple layers of putty for leveling treatment, but the interval between each layer of putty should be two to three hours to ensure that the wall is fully dry.

膩子攪拌好放置幾分鐘，再攪拌使用

Mix the putty well and let it stand for a few minutes before mixing and using

冬季水溫較低，膩子粉加水后，膩子中的添加劑溶解速度變慢，溶解速度沒有溫度高的季節(jié)快，因此，在攪拌后放置10-15分鐘或二次攪拌，是為了給膩子中的成分提供充分溶解的時間以保證膩子的施工性能和后期成膜質量，避免造成添加劑的浪費。

In winter, the water temperature is relatively low. After adding water to putty powder, the dissolution rate of additives in putty slows down, and the dissolution rate is not as fast as in high temperature seasons. Therefore, after mixing, it is necessary to leave it for 10-15 minutes or secondary mixing to provide sufficient dissolution time for the components in putty to ensure its construction performance and later film quality, and to avoid waste of additives.

膩子在調制成膏狀后，在半天之內用完，以免膩子失水導致施工性降低。

After the putty is formulated into a paste, it should be used up within half a day to avoid water loss and reduced workability.

膩子批刮厚度在1mm-3mm之間

The thickness of putty batch scraping is between 1mm and 3mm

墻面膩子的批刮一次不能太薄也不能太厚。

The batch of wall putty should not be too thin or too thick at once.

太薄，膩子層容易失水過快導致膩子出現粉化，終會影響涂裝的效果。

If it is too thin, the putty layer can easily lose water too quickly, leading to powdering of the putty and ultimately affecting the coating effect.

太厚，直接影響膩子的終硬化時間（干燥時間），一次批刮過厚將延長干燥時間，在高濕度的環(huán)境下水分更容易富集在表面而導致起釉現象，打磨時容易形成破層，堿性耐水型膩子會更加普遍。

If it is too thick, it directly affects the final hardening time (drying time) of the putty. Scraping it too thick in one batch will prolong the drying time. In high humidity environments, water is more likely to accumulate on the surface, leading to glaze phenomenon. During polishing, it is easy to form a broken layer, and alkaline and water-resistant putty will be more common.

因此， 面層細膩子施工厚度通常控制在1mm左右；耐水、耐潮型面層膩子更應該控制好批刮厚度；石膏基底層膩子每遍施工厚度通常在3mm以上，因批刮厚度不一致，干燥程度差異，墻面會出現“大花臉”，屬于正常現象。

Therefore, the construction thickness of the fine putty on the surface layer is usually controlled at around 1mm; Waterproof and moisture resistant surface layer putty should have a better control over the thickness of the batch scraping; The thickness of each layer of gypsum base layer putty is usually above 3mm. Due to inconsistent batch scraping thickness and differences in drying degree, "large flower faces" may appear on the wall, which is a normal phenomenon.

每遍膩子施工間隔時間要求

Requirements for the interval time between each layer of putty construction

基層墻面膩子施工，一般需要批刮3遍，底層膩子批刮后未干透不得做面層膩子，做此項工作應在第一遍完全干透后(冬天一般間隔2-3天)后方可進行第二遍批刮，否則會出現底層膩子與面層膩子氣泡、空鼓和脫層現象，非常是我們在冬季低溫施工和趕工期時非常要注意。

The construction of base layer wall putty generally requires three coats of scraping. If the bottom layer putty is not fully dried after scraping, the surface layer putty cannot be applied. This work should be done after the first coat is completely dry (usually 2-3 days in winter) before the second coat of scraping can be carried out. Otherwise, there may be bubbles, hollowing, and delamination between the bottom layer putty and the surface layer putty, especially during low-temperature construction and rush periods in winter.

冬季建議前一遍干透后再進行下一遍的施工，冬季48-72小時，后一遍膩子施工完成后，干燥無水印且產生硬度即可打磨，一般在批刮之后3天左右完成打磨，如局部濕度較高則適當延長，不可長期晾置（7天以上可能會導致膩子層粉化）。

In winter, the first layer of putty must be completely dry before proceeding with the next layer of construction. During winter, it takes 48-72 hours. After the last layer of putty construction is completed, it should be dried without water marks and produce hardness before polishing. Generally, polishing should be completed about 3 days after batch scraping. If the local humidity is high, it should be extended appropriately and not left to air for a long time (more than 7 days may cause the putty layer to powder).

膩子防凍及通風干燥要求

Requirements for anti freezing and ventilation drying of putty

在刮膩子施工完成后通常要進行開窗通風，加快膩子的晾干速度。但是在冬季室外的溫度較低，很容易使得膩子層被凍住。所以通風的時間要盡量選擇在溫度偏高的中午，通風的時間長短也要好好把控，建議在上午10點至下午4點之間。

After the completion of putty application, it is usually necessary to open windows for ventilation to accelerate the drying speed of the putty. However, in winter, the outdoor temperature is relatively low, which can easily cause the putty layer to freeze. So the ventilation time should be chosen as much as possible at noon when the temperature is high, and the duration of ventilation should also be well controlled. It is recommended to do so between 10am and 4pm.

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