膏粉是裝修中不可或缺的材料，但很多人不知道：同樣是石膏粉，凝固時(shí)間可以從5分鐘到30分鐘不等。選錯(cuò)凝固時(shí)間，要么來不及施工，要么等得耽誤工期。

Plaster powder is an indispensable material in decoration, but many people do not know that gypsum powder can have a solidification time ranging from 5 minutes to 30 minutes. Choosing the wrong solidification time either leaves no time for construction or delays the project timeline.

石膏粉從哪來？ 天然石膏（生石膏，CaSO?·2H?O）經(jīng)過煅燒、磨細(xì)，就得到了建筑石膏（熟石膏，β-CaSO?·1/2H?O）。建筑石膏的主要成分是β型半水石膏。石膏粉按理化性質(zhì)分為生石膏粉和熟石膏粉；按用途分為建筑石膏、高強(qiáng)石膏、模型石膏、醫(yī)用石膏等。

Where does gypsum powder come from? Natural gypsum (raw gypsum, CaSO? ·2H? O) is calcined and finely ground to obtain building gypsum (gypsum, β - CaSO?)? ·1/2H? O). The main component of building gypsum is β - type hemihydrate gypsum. Gypsum powder is divided into raw gypsum powder and mature gypsum powder according to its physical and chemical properties; Classified by purpose, it is divided into building gypsum, high-strength gypsum, model gypsum, medical gypsum, etc.

凝結(jié)時(shí)間的國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：根據(jù)GB/T 9776標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，建筑石膏的初凝時(shí)間要求≥3分鐘，終凝時(shí)間≤30分鐘。實(shí)際操作中，建筑石膏的初凝時(shí)間通常在5-15分鐘，終凝時(shí)間在15-30分鐘。這意味著：從加水?dāng)嚢璧介_始凝固，你只有幾分鐘的操作窗口。

National standard for setting time: According to GB/T 9776 standard, the initial setting time of building gypsum is required to be ≥ 3 minutes, and the final setting time is required to be ≤ 30 minutes. In practical operation, the initial setting time of building gypsum is usually 5-15 minutes, and the final setting time is 15-30 minutes. This means that from adding water and stirring to starting to solidify, you only have a few minutes of operation window.

影響凝結(jié)速度的3個(gè)因素：

Three factors that affect condensation speed:

煅燒溫度：煅燒溫度不同，得到的石膏類型不同。190°C左右得到模型石膏，凝結(jié)更快、強(qiáng)度更高。

Calcination temperature: Different calcination temperatures result in different types of gypsum. The model gypsum is obtained at around 190 ° C, which sets faster and has higher strength.

細(xì)度：石膏粉越細(xì)，與水接觸面積越大，凝結(jié)越快。特硬白石膏細(xì)度約1100目，建筑石膏約300目。

Fineness: The finer the gypsum powder, the larger the contact area with water, and the faster it sets. The fineness of ultra hard white gypsum is about 1100 mesh, and that of building gypsum is about 300 mesh.

外加劑：緩凝劑可以延長凝結(jié)時(shí)間，滿足特殊施工需求。

Admixtures: retarders can extend the setting time and meet special construction requirements.

不同用途對(duì)凝結(jié)時(shí)間的要求：

Requirements for setting time for different purposes:

嵌縫石膏：需要較長的操作時(shí)間，通常添加緩凝劑，凝結(jié)時(shí)間控制在20-30分鐘。

Jointing gypsum: requires a long operating time, usually with the addition of a retarder, and the setting time is controlled at 20-30 minutes.

石膏板生產(chǎn)：需要快速凝固定型，初凝時(shí)間控制在5-8分鐘。

Gypsum board production: requires rapid solidification and shaping, with an initial setting time controlled within 5-8 minutes.

裝飾線條制作：介于兩者之間，需要足夠的操作時(shí)間又不能太慢。

Decorative line production: Between the two, it requires sufficient operation time and cannot be too slow.

選購建議：買石膏粉時(shí)問清楚凝結(jié)時(shí)間。大面積抹灰選凝結(jié)時(shí)間稍長的（20-30分鐘），小面積修補(bǔ)選凝結(jié)快的（5-10分鐘）。千萬別買回來才發(fā)現(xiàn)——還沒抹完就已經(jīng)硬了。

Suggestion for purchasing: When buying gypsum powder, ask for the setting time clearly. For large-scale plastering, choose those with slightly longer setting time (20-30 minutes), and for small-scale repairs, choose those with faster setting time (5-10 minutes). Don't just buy it and realize that it's already hard before you finish wiping it.

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